Slot Machine Manufacturers Organization

Games of skill are slot-machine like games that are currently unregulated by the state. The games are distinct from video gaming terminals — dubbed VGTs by industry insiders — that were.

Introduction to Who Builds Slot Machines

Who builds slot machines throughout the world? For such a popular activity, there is a relatively short list of slot machine manufacturers in the world:

  • Multimedia Games Inc. (a subsidiary of EVERI Inc.)

Of these companies listed, Class III gaming is principally supported in North America by Scientific Games Corp. and IGT. They are both global leaders in the gaming industry. Mergers and acquisitions are the name of the game amongst slot machine manufacturers. It is currently a highly dynamic corporate environment.

In 2014, for instance, Bally Technologies was acquired by Scientific Games. This acquisition is significant as Bally was the driving force for inventing most of the modern features of slot machines enjoyed by so many.

These gambling companies provide products other than physical slot machines. They often also supply casino-management systems. These software packages help casinos to “run” their operations from day-to-day and even in real-time.

This casino operating system software is crucial to casinos as a way to reduce cost and, I’ve found, a significant advantage play for slots enthusiasts. I’ll provide more on this topic at another time.

This operating or enterprise software business is as highly competitive as slot machine manufacturing. Factors that determine how successful providers are in selling their systems include:

  • product features and functionality
  • accuracy
  • reliability
  • service level
  • pricing

Competition is intense because of the relatively low number of providers and the limited number of casinos and jurisdictions in which they operate. Providers are Scientific Gaming, Aristocrat, IGT, Konami, and several smaller companies in international gaming jurisdictions.

Organization

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The Gaming Industry

Within the global gaming industry, companies building slot machines is trending towards consolidation amongst gaming equipment and technology companies. The gist of why is to increase scale and therefore operating efficiencies. The hoped-for result is accelerated innovation and product development resulting in broader service and product offering.

Several acquisitions of slot machine and other gaming equipment manufacturers have occurred recently, including the purchase of Bally Technologies by Scientific Gaming Corp. and the acquisition of Multimedia Games by Global Cash Access Holdings Inc.

Following a wave of supplier diversification in the gaming industry, where new providers have been gaining in market share, the industry is experiencing significant consolidation.

This convergence is attributable primarily to a slowdown in North American traditional slot machine revenues as regional gaming revenue headwinds, such as declines in same-store sales, impact the demand for slot machines.

Therefore, the machine gaming sector is evolving from just the sale and leasing of slot machines to include:

  1. multi-channel systems and table games equipment for traditional land-based casino
  2. lottery technology
  3. real-money interactive gaming
  4. online and mobile social casino gaming

A significant threat for the entire gaming and betting industry arises from illegal activities, which may drain significant betting volumes from the regulated gaming industry.

Slot Machine Industry

The loss of present players from legal casino operators has a material adverse effect on gaming industry operations, business, financial condition, and prospects.

Scientific Games Corporation (NASDAQ: SGMS)

A global leader in the gaming industry, Scientific Games Corporation (SGC) is the current owner of:

  • Bally Technologies Inc. (one of the original slot machine companies)
  • Spielo
  • WMS Gaming Inc.
  • Shuffle Master
  • Barcrest

SGC’s company profile states that they provide:

  • lottery games
  • electronic gaming machines
  • server-based lottery and gaming systems
  • sports betting technology
  • loyalty and rewards programs
  • online social, mobile and interactive content and services

In 2013, Scientific Games Corporation purchased WGS Industries, Inc. Bally Technologies, Inc. was acquired by SGC on November 21, 2014, for $5.1 billion.

The products of SGC are installed in 450 jurisdictions worldwide, including all the major regulated gaming jurisdictions in the U.S. and 146 international gaming jurisdictions. They have 975,000 units installed in North America.

Within the gaming supply segment, SGC sees the competition on several fronts. Primarily, being a global leader in slot machines has resulted in their product lines competing with each other for space on the casino floor.

International Game Technology PLC (NYSE: IGT)

Slot Machine Manufacturers Organization

International Game Technology (IGT) PLC is a global leader in gaming that, according to its website, leverages a wealth of

  • premium content
  • substantial investment in innovation
  • in-depth customer intelligence
  • operational expertise
  • leading-edge technology

It has not only established local presence and relationships with governments and regulators in more than 100 countries around the world but also approximately 13,000 employees. For U.S. federal tax purposes, under current law, it is treated as a foreign corporation.

In 2014 and 2015, International Game Technology PLC experienced multiple corporate mergers and acquisitions involving GTECH, Holdco, IGT, and Georgia Worldwide Corp. which has been and is a complex, costly, and time-consuming process. The integration process is expected to be completed by the fiscal year 2018.

International Game Technology PLC’s online social gaming casino offering, DoubleDown Casino, is mainly conducted through Facebook and Apple iOS platform, a relationship governed by Facebook and Apple’s standard terms and conditions for application developers as well as privacy policies, both of which are occasionally modified, rather than by contract.

International Game Technology PLC currently does business in approximately 100 countries worldwide. At the end of 2014, IGT PLC had contracts with 717 casino operators in the Americas segment, with 249 in Latin America and 468 in North America.

Summary for Who Builds Slot Machines

Slot machine manufacturing is principally supported in North America by Scientific Games Corp. and International Game Technology PLC, both global leaders in the gaming industry.

The products of Scientific Games are installed in 450 jurisdictions worldwide, including all the major regulated gaming jurisdictions in the U.S. and 146 international gaming jurisdictions. They have 975,000 units installed in North America.

International Game Technology PLC currently does business in approximately 100 countries worldwide. At the end of 2014, IGT PLC had contracts with 717 casino operators in the Americas segment, with 249 in Latin America and 468 in North America.

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Have fun, be safe, and make good choices!
By Jon H. Friedl, Jr. Ph.D., President
Jon Friedl, LLC

Slot machines are more fun when you understand what’s going on with the game. If you don’t know what the slot machine symbols mean, and if you don’t know what it takes to get a winning combination, you might as well just play rocks scissors and paper with some stranger.

The purpose of this post is to take a detailed look at some of the inner workings of slot machines, especially as it relates to the slot machine symbols most commonly in use.

The traditions behind why slot machines use bar and fruit symbols are decades old, and the history of slot machines is fascinating all by itself.

In this post, I explain what the different slot machine icons mean and why it matters to the average player.

Slot Machine Manufacturers Organization

1-What Does the Bar Symbol Mean on a Slot Machine?

Slot machines have been around since the 1890s. You’d find these early slot machine games in bars and taverns in cities like New York and San Francisco. When gambling became illegal, these businesses started giving away candy and chewing gum instead of money.

Imagine going into a bar today and putting money into a slot machine with the opportunity to win a free drink or a cigar.

That’s what gambling in a tavern was like in the 1890s.

What does the bar symbol mean?

Think about what it looks like.

It’s a rectangle, right?

My first guess would be that the bar symbol on a slot machine symbolized a candy bar, but that would be too big. After all, keep in mind that the idea was to have prizes that were small, like coins.

The bar symbols on slot machines represent sticks of chewing gum — specifically, BAR chewing gum. (It was a popular brand of the Bell-Fruit Gum Company at the time.) They were in color in those days, and different colors meant different flavors of gum.

Slot machine makers still use bar symbols out of tradition, even though I’ve never seen a slot machine game that offers gum as a prize.

2- What Do the Fruit Symbols Mean on a Slot Machine?

Just as the bar symbol meant you were going to win chewing gum, the various flavors of fruit-inspired candy were prizes you could win. Cherry symbols meant winning cherry-flavored candy.

Apples meant winning apple-flavored candy. Oranges and plums, well… They meant you won dragonfruit and huckleberry flavored candy.

Just kidding.

Obviously, the picture of the fruit in question represented the flavor of candy you won.

And, again, the reason these symbols are still in use have more to do with tradition than anything else. People are just used to seeing these symbols on these games.

3- How Many Different Symbols Are There on a Slot Machine?

An average slot machine game might have about 20 symbols on each reel. This does NOT imply that each symbol has a 1/20 probability of coming up on a spin, though.

Modern slot machines use a random number generator to determine their results. These are actually random — they’re not fixed or rigged in any way.

The casino makes its money because the prize schedule for a slot machine game pays prizes in such a way that the game is inherently profitable.

Think about it this way:

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Suppose you played a casino game where you had a 1 in 600 probability of winning, but when you won, you only got a payout of 500 to 1.

Do you see how that would be profitable for the casino?

You’d lose $1 on 599 spins, but you’d win $500 on the one spin, for a net loss of $99.

Such a game would have a house edge of around 17%, on average.

The payouts on a slot machine game are more complicated than that, but it’s the same principle.

4- What Are the Odds of Winning on a Slot Machine?

Here’s the thing about slot machines:

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You don’t know what the odds of winning are.

And, to an extent, the odds of winning are irrelevant. What you’re really concerned about is the payback percentage.

That’s a ratio that compares the odds of winning with the amount you win. Over time, it represents the long-term average of how much money the casino will win from you on each bet.

Most slot machines have a hit ratio of about 1 in 3 or 1 in 4.

So it’s fair to see that on most slot machines, your odds of winning something are 3 to 1 or 2 to 1.

The problem is that the payouts aren’t commensurate with these odds of winning.

Also, slot machines pay off bets on an X for Y basis rather than an X to Y basis.

In blackjack, your payouts are in addition to what you risked. Bet $5 on a blackjack hand and win, and you get a 1 to 1 payout, or even money. You get your $5 bet back with $5 in winnings.

Gambling machines, though, pay back with odds on a 1 “for” 1 basis. Bet $5 on a spin of the slot machine reels, and you get $5 in winning in exchange for your $5 bet.

The machine acts like it’s a win, but the reality is that it’s a push.

This is also one of the reasons slot machines measure their odds using payback percentage rather than house edge.

When a slot machine game has a 90% payback percentage, it means that on average you get back 90% of each bet. Place a $5 bet, and you’ll get an average of $4.50 back over time — which means you’ll lose 50 cents per bet on average.

And that’s just the average including any jackpots you win. If you play in the short-term and don’t see a jackpot, you’ll usually see a lower payback percentage until you get some winnings and catch up.

5- Which Slot Machine Has the Best Payout?

How do you know which slot machine has the best payout?

The short answer to this question is easy enough:

You don’t.

You have NO WAY of knowing which machine has better payouts than the other machines. In fact, you can play an identical slot machine next to the one you started on and be facing a different payback percentage.

The casinos have no rhyme or reason in terms of where they place the higher and lower payout machines.

In the long run, it doesn’t even really matter. If you play a negative expectation game long enough — and slots are ALWAYS a negative expectation game — you’ll eventually lose all your money.

Stop worrying about which slot machine has the best payout.

Worry instead about how much fun you’re having — or not. If you don’t enjoy a specific game, move on to another game.

6- Why Are They Called “Slot” Machines?

They’re called slot machines because you put your money into a slot to play.

When they were first invented, slot machines only worked on a literal coin-in and coin-out basis.

Now, of course, most slot machines work by accepting bills and spitting out a piece of paper with the amount you’re owed on it.

But we haven’t changed the name of the games.

Also, it’s not called a slot machine in other countries, always. In the United Kingdom, they’re called fruit machines. In Australia, they’re called “pokies,” which is short for poker machines.

That last nomenclature comes from their original nature — the first slot machines, which predated the machines that gave away candy — used playing cards to produce random results instead of symbols on metal reels.

7- Who Invented the Slot Machine?

According to the Encyclopedia Brittanica, as well as many other legitimate sources, Charles Fey invented the first slot machines.

He born in Bavaria but was making his living as a mechanic in San Francisco when he invented slot machines in 1894. It didn’t take long for him to be doing so well that he started a factor to produce more slot machines.

The first 3-reel slot machine with machine-generated payouts in real money was invented in 1898, also by Charles Fey. The Liberty Bell, which most modern slot players would recognize as a real slot machine, came along in 1899 — another Fey invention.

There are only 4 Liberty Bell machines still extant.

Also, it didn’t take long for other companies, like the Mills Novelty Company, to steal Fey’s invention and start making money from their own versions of it.

Finally

Those are the most accurate and concise answers to some of the most common questions about slot machines and their symbols on the internet.

Top Slot Machine Manufacturers

What other questions do you have besides what do the symbols mean?

Slot Machine Manufacturers Usa

Leave me a note in the comments, and I’ll respond with an answer if I can.